An integrative model of design thinking

This paper presents a study and synthesis of commonalities and variations among effective approaches of design thinking, based on interviews to twelve global experts. Common fundamental knowledge is needed, as design thinking increasingly becomes a field of knowledge in its own and a liberal art. Therefore, this study proposes an Integrative Model of Design Thinking, focusing on principles underlying current methods and tools, and integrating complementary aspects from different approaches into an overarching view of design thinking. The author's expectation is for this Model to contribute to the establishment of a field of design thinking and support its multidisciplinary practice. Furthermore, this paper provides significant insights into the nature of design thinking, according to the convictions of experts who are at the forefront of its research and practice. Further research is needed to expand on some of the principles presented.