It's complicated: the ethics of gamified labour

An increasing number of applications are using gamification in research and participatory problem solving, however several ethical issues are beginning to emerge that may compromise their integrity. Our paper highlights the ethical issues of using gamification to extract unpaid labor, and the use of persuasive gamification design practices that can potentially be considered exploitative. We conclude by suggesting the collaborative development of an industry framework based on a value-sensitive design to overcome these issues.