Testing a causal model for the development of entrepreneurial intention in Singapore

This paper uses comparative research to test and extend formal models representing an emerging theory of entrepreneurial intention. There is a strong line of research in the vocational literature suggesting that understanding why some individuals pursue certain careers is best studied by comprehending how career intent is formed. Ajzen (1991) views intent as a net expression of the motivational factors influencing behavior and argues that external influences affect intentions through an individual's perception of what is both desirable and feasible; he asserts that the primary motivator for career choice is intent. Entrepreneurial studies follow this emphasis on the central role of intention in career research. Krueger and Carsrud (1993) suggest that becoming self-employed is best predicted by intention. Shapero and Sokol (1982) argue that in order for a life path change to lead to what they term an 'entrepreneurial event' there must first be a push or pull toward a new challenge; they focus on whether the individual sees entrepreneurship as desirable, for example, as a means to seek acceptance in the eyes of their culture, family and peers; and as feasible, examining the possibility of venture creation with regard to strain on their personal relationships, financial considerations, and the demonstration effect. Kolvereid (1996, 48) sums this view by suggesting that, 'intentions are immediate antecedents of actual behavior,' and others continue this focus on desirability and feasibility.