The Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) Data Release 2: Dynamical and Stellar Population Properties of z ≲ 1 Galaxies in the COSMOS Field

We present the second data release of the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C), an ESO 130-night public spectroscopic survey conducted with VIMOS on the Very Large Telescope. We release 1988 spectra with typical continuum S/N similar or equal to 20 angstrom(-1) of galaxies at 0.6 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 1.0, each observed for similar to 20 hr and fully reduced with a custom-built pipeline. We also release a catalog with spectroscopic redshifts, emission-line fluxes, Lick/IDS indices, and observed stellar and gas velocity dispersions that are spatially integrated quantities, including both rotational motions and genuine dispersion. To illustrate the new parameter space in the intermediate-redshift regime probed by LEGA-C, we explore relationships between dynamical and stellar population properties. The star-forming galaxies typically have observed stellar velocity dispersions of similar to 150 km s(-1) and strong H delta absorption (H delta(A) similar to 5 angstrom), while passive galaxies have higher observed stellar velocity dispersions (similar to 200 km s(-1)) and weak H delta absorption (H delta(A) similar to 0 angstrom). Strong [O III] 5007/H beta ratios tend to occur mostly for galaxies with weak H delta(A) or galaxies with higher observed velocity dispersion. Beyond these broad trends, we find a diversity of possible combinations of rest-frame colors, absorption-line strengths, and emission-line detections, illustrating the utility of spectroscopic measurements to more accurately understand galaxy evolution. By making the spectra and value-added catalogs publicly available we encourage the community to take advantage of this very substantial investment in telescope time provided by ESO.