In this report, we present the findings of qualitative research which investigates the linkages between government housing assistance and economic participation in Australia. 'Housing assistance' refers to government policy settings, regulatory regimes and programs which are intended to assist people to access and remain in affordable, adequate and appropriate housing. In particular, we focus on demand subsidies for private renters (Rent Assistance) and supply subsidy programs such as public and community rental housing. 'Economic participation' is a multi-dimensional concept that includes labour force participation (full-time or part-time employment and unemployment), participation in education or training programs (full-time or part-time), and participation in unpaid, voluntary work of various types.