A Comparative Study of Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties Between Stingless Bee Honey from Sarawak and Honey from Other Origins

Stingless bee honey (SBH), known as 'Kelulut' honey, holds untapped commercial potential but lacks comprehensive research compared to well-established Apis spp. Acacia and Manuka honeys. This study investigates the physicochemical attributes of selected SBH in Sarawak, contrasting them with Apis spp. Acacia honey from Sarawak and Apis spp. Manuka honey from Australia/New Zealand. By evaluating 20 samples, including properties, phenolic composition, and antioxidant activities, we enhance SBH categorization and quality grading. The findings underscore moisture-driven variations in physicochemical traits and reveal key insights into honey quality. These insights aid SBH's commercial journey and future standardization efforts.