An exploratory study of the sustainability practices of multinational enterprises in Malaysia

This thesis examines how companies operating in Malaysia are engaging with sustainable development within their business activities and operation. The findings are presented through four published academic papers, each addressing different aspects of the topic. The first paper establishes a conceptual framework for corporate sustainability assessment, drawing from a systematic literature review and synthesising previous theoretical and empirical studies. This framework serves as a basis to examine the actual management practices adopted by multinational companies in Malaysia when addressing sustainable development. The second paper presents a case study, focusing on a multinational company in the ICT sector. The third paper explores the corporate sustainability practices of a Malaysian bank, operating across South East Asia. Lastly, the fourth paper examines the corporate sustainability practices of a multinational insurance company headquartered in Europe and operating in Malaysia. Through these papers, the thesis provides foundational knowledge on three key aspects of corporate sustainability, supported by empirical examination that span different in different industries.