Bio-behavioural effects of alcohol and caffeine, alone and in combination

Both alcohol and caffeine are amongst the most widely used psychoactive substances and are commonly eoconsumed, particularly by young adults in the form of alcohol mixed with energy drink. This thesis demonstrated that the addition of caffeine/energy drink to alcohol does not differentially affect subjective intoxication beyond that of non-caffeinated alcohol and limited, inconsistent antagonism occurred in cognitive performance. Users are uniquely different to non-users whereby use is significantly associated with illicit drug use and high scores in risk-taking propensity, impulsivity, extraversion and alexithymia.