Experimental Investigation of Waste Clay Bricks as an Alternative to Cement in Pavement Construction

The primary sustainability challenge in the concrete pavement industry is the high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions associated with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) manufacturing. This research focused on developing low-carbon binder material to fully replace OPC in concrete using waste clay bricks. Waste clay bricks sourced from construction and demolition waste was processed and combined with other industrial wastes such ash fly ash and slag, and alkaline activators to produce alternative cements. This research was able to develop pavement concrete with similar or better mechanical, durability and serviceability performance and superior environmental performance compared to conventional concrete with OPC.