Exploring standard candle systematics across the rungs of the astronomical distance ladder

This thesis investigates the Hubble tension, a significant discrepancy between various measurements of the current expansion rate of the Universe. To achieve this, it focuses on the rungs of the astronomical distance ladder, particularly the use of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch and Type Ia Supernovae as distance indicators. Through the development of novel methodologies, analysing data from large-scale surveys and galaxy observations, the main findings will inform the objectives and analyses of next-generation surveys, further reshaping our understanding of the Universe.