Patterns and textures for light harvesting at visible and infra-red spectral ranges

Nanostructure patterns and textures as an approach to increase light absorption and to enhance light harvesting can be utilized in different applications. We show a few implementations of surface patterns for light harvesting at the visible and infra-red ranges. These include PhC patterns on Si, black Silicon, 3D columnar film on Si and nano-disks metasurface structures made out of ITO. The stepper lithography proposed here is salable and is amenable for larger area practical applications for solar cells together with the direct laser writing demonstrated for ITO patterning.